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8th Grade Science

Coach Hamilton

Binder Notes #3

 

If you visited the Great Salt Lake in Utah and swam in the water of the north arm of the lake, you could not sink.  It would be very difficult to dive to the bottom even with scuba gear.  Why do you think that is true?

 

 

 

 

 

 

MIXTURES: 

Most substances are mixtures of different materials.  There are different types of mixtures, and they are classified by the size of the particles in the mixture.  There are course mixtures in which the particles are visible to the naked eye.  A suspension has particles too small to see, but the particles will eventually settle out.  A colloid is a mixture in which the particles are scattered throughout another substance, but they are too small to settle out.  An emulsion is a type of colloid in which oils or fats are mixed with water to create a creamy liquid substance.

 

Classify the mixtures using the definitions

 

Substance

Coarse Mixture

Suspension

Colloid

Emulsion

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Vocabulary Words

  1. Mixture:

  2. Course Mixture:

  3. Suspension:

  4. Colloid:

  5. Emulsion:

 

Solutions are another type of mixture:

Some of the most familiar solutions are made by dissolving a solid in liquid.

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When mixing a solid in a liquid, the solid is the solute, and the liquid is the solvent.

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Sometimes a solution is a liquid in a liquid; the question here becomes which one is the solute and which one is the solvent.  Generally speaking the one that has the smaller volume is the solute, and the one with the greater volume is the solvent.

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Gas can even dissolve in a gas.  Our air has oxygen dissolved in nitrogen; oxygen is the solute, and nitrogen is the solvent.

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Gas can dissolve in a liquid; an example is carbon dioxide in a soft drink.

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Solids can also form a solution.  When melted they can be mixed and can form a solution.  Solutions of metals are called alloys.

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Insoluble substances are substances that will not dissolve.

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Soluble substances are substances that will dissolve.

 

Solubility of a substance is the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in 100g of water at a state temperature.  The solubility of NaCl (salt) in water is about 35 g per 100g of water at 200 C.  This is called a saturated solution for this specific temperature.

 

Vocabulary Words

 

  1. Solution:

  2. Solute:

  3. Solvent:

  4. Solubility:

  5. Dissolve:

1)  What do you know is in a mixture of soft drink?                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            

 

2)  What is the solvent?                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

 

3)  What are the solutes?                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        

 

4)  What effect does dissolving solids in a liquid have on density?                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Last modified: 05/09/12